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    /* rsa.h
     *
     * The RSA publickey algorithm.
     */
    
    /* nettle, low-level cryptographics library
     *
    
     * Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Niels Mller
    
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     *  
     * The nettle library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
     * it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
     * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your
     * option) any later version.
     * 
     * The nettle library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
     * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
     * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public
     * License for more details.
     * 
     * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
     * along with the nettle library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not, write to
     * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston,
     * MA 02111-1307, USA.
     */
     
    #ifndef NETTLE_RSA_H_INCLUDED
    #define NETTLE_RSA_H_INCLUDED
    
    #include <gmp.h>
    
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    #include "md5.h"
    #include "sha.h"
    
    
    /* For nettle_random_func */
    #include "nettle-meta.h"
    
    /* Name mangling */
    #define rsa_public_key_init nettle_rsa_public_key_init
    #define rsa_public_key_clear nettle_rsa_public_key_clear
    #define rsa_public_key_prepare nettle_rsa_public_key_prepare
    #define rsa_private_key_init nettle_rsa_private_key_init
    #define rsa_private_key_clear nettle_rsa_private_key_clear
    #define rsa_private_key_prepare nettle_rsa_private_key_prepare
    #define rsa_md5_sign nettle_rsa_md5_sign
    #define rsa_md5_verify nettle_rsa_md5_verify
    #define rsa_sha1_sign nettle_rsa_sha1_sign
    #define rsa_sha1_verify nettle_rsa_sha1_verify
    #define rsa_md5_sign_digest nettle_rsa_md5_sign_digest
    #define rsa_md5_verify_digest nettle_rsa_md5_verify_digest
    #define rsa_sha1_sign_digest nettle_rsa_sha1_sign_digest
    #define rsa_sha1_verify_digest nettle_rsa_sha1_verify_digest
    #define rsa_encrypt nettle_rsa_encrypt
    #define rsa_decrypt nettle_rsa_decrypt
    #define rsa_compute_root nettle_rsa_compute_root
    #define rsa_generate_keypair nettle_rsa_generate_keypair
    #define rsa_keypair_to_sexp nettle_rsa_keypair_to_sexp
    #define rsa_keypair_from_sexp_alist nettle_rsa_keypair_from_sexp_alist
    #define rsa_keypair_from_sexp nettle_rsa_keypair_from_sexp
    #define rsa_keypair_to_openpgp nettle_rsa_keypair_to_openpgp
    #define _rsa_verify _nettle_rsa_verify
    #define _rsa_check_size _nettle_rsa_check_size
    
    /* For PKCS#1 to make sense, the size of the modulo, in octets, must
     * be at least 11 + the length of the DER-encoded Digest Info.
     *
     * And a DigestInfo is 34 octets for md5, and 35 octets for sha1. 46
     * octets is 368 bits, and as the upper 7 bits may be zero, the
     * smallest useful size of n is 361 bits. */
    
    #define RSA_MINIMUM_N_OCTETS 46
    #define RSA_MINIMUM_N_BITS 361
    
    
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    struct rsa_public_key
    {
    
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      /* Size of the modulo, in octets. This is also the size of all
       * signatures that are created or verified with this key. */
      unsigned size;
      
      /* Modulo */
    
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      mpz_t n;
    
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      /* Public exponent */
    
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      mpz_t e;
    };
    
    struct rsa_private_key
    {
    
    
      /* d is filled in by the key generation function; otherwise it's
       * completely unused. */
      mpz_t d;
    
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      /* The two factors */
      mpz_t p; mpz_t q;
    
      /* d % (p-1), i.e. a e = 1 (mod (p-1)) */
      mpz_t a;
    
      /* d % (q-1), i.e. b e = 1 (mod (q-1)) */
      mpz_t b;
    
      /* modular inverse of q , i.e. c q = 1 (mod p) */
      mpz_t c;
    
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    };
    
    
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    /* Signing a message works as follows:
     *
     * Store the private key in a rsa_private_key struct.
     *
    
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     * Call rsa_private_key_prepare. This initializes the size attribute
    
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     * to the length of a signature.
     *
     * Initialize a hashing context, by callling
     *   md5_init
     *
     * Hash the message by calling
     *   md5_update
     *
    
     * Create the signature by calling
    
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     *   rsa_md5_sign
     *
    
     * The signature is represented as a mpz_t bignum. This call also
     * resets the hashing context.
     *
    
     * When done with the key and signature, don't forget to call
     * mpz_clear.
    
    /* Calls mpz_init to initialize bignum storage. */
    void
    
    rsa_public_key_init(struct rsa_public_key *key);
    
    
    /* Calls mpz_clear to deallocate bignum storage. */
    void
    
    rsa_public_key_clear(struct rsa_public_key *key);
    
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    int
    
    rsa_public_key_prepare(struct rsa_public_key *key);
    
    /* Calls mpz_init to initialize bignum storage. */
    void
    
    rsa_private_key_init(struct rsa_private_key *key);
    
    
    /* Calls mpz_clear to deallocate bignum storage. */
    void
    
    rsa_private_key_clear(struct rsa_private_key *key);
    
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    int
    
    rsa_private_key_prepare(struct rsa_private_key *key);
    
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    /* PKCS#1 style signatures */
    void
    
    rsa_md5_sign(const struct rsa_private_key *key,
    
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                 struct md5_ctx *hash,
    
    rsa_md5_verify(const struct rsa_public_key *key,
    
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                   struct md5_ctx *hash,
    
    rsa_sha1_sign(const struct rsa_private_key *key,
    
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                  struct sha1_ctx *hash,
    
    rsa_sha1_verify(const struct rsa_public_key *key,
    
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                    struct sha1_ctx *hash,
    
    /* Variants taking the digest as argument. */
    void
    rsa_md5_sign_digest(const struct rsa_private_key *key,
    		    const uint8_t *digest,
    		    mpz_t s);
    
    int
    rsa_md5_verify_digest(const struct rsa_public_key *key,
    		      const uint8_t *digest,
    		      const mpz_t signature);
    
    void
    rsa_sha1_sign_digest(const struct rsa_private_key *key,
    		     const uint8_t *digest,
    		     mpz_t s);
    
    int
    rsa_sha1_verify_digest(const struct rsa_public_key *key,
    		       const uint8_t *digest,
    		       const mpz_t signature);
    
    
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    /* RSA encryption, using PKCS#1 */
    /* FIXME: These functions uses the v1.5 padding. What should the v2
     * (OAEP) functions be called? */
    
    /* Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure, which happens if the
     * message is too long for the key. */
    int
    
    rsa_encrypt(const struct rsa_public_key *key,
    
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    	    /* For padding */
    	    void *random_ctx, nettle_random_func random,
    
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    	    unsigned length, const uint8_t *cleartext,
    	    mpz_t cipher);
    
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    /* Message must point to a buffer of size *LENGTH. KEY->size is enough
     * for all valid messages. On success, *LENGTH is updated to reflect
     * the actual length of the message. Returns 1 on success, 0 on
     * failure, which happens if decryption failed or if the message
     * didn't fit. */
    int
    
    rsa_decrypt(const struct rsa_private_key *key,
    
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    	    unsigned *length, uint8_t *cleartext,
    	    const mpz_t ciphertext);
    
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    /* Compute x, the e:th root of m. Calling it with x == m is allowed. */
    
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    void
    
    rsa_compute_root(const struct rsa_private_key *key,
    		 mpz_t x, const mpz_t m);
    
    
    /* Note that the key structs must be initialized first. */
    
    int
    rsa_generate_keypair(struct rsa_public_key *pub,
    
    		     struct rsa_private_key *key,
    
    		     void *random_ctx, nettle_random_func random,
    		     void *progress_ctx, nettle_progress_func progress,
    
    
    		     /* Desired size of modulo, in bits */
    		     unsigned n_size,
    		     
    		     /* Desired size of public exponent, in bits. If
    		      * zero, the passed in value pub->e is used. */
    		     unsigned e_size);
    
    
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    #define RSA_SIGN(key, algorithm, ctx, length, data, signature) ( \
      algorithm##_update(ctx, length, data), \
      rsa_##algorithm##_sign(key, ctx, signature) \
    )
    
    #define RSA_VERIFY(key, algorithm, ctx, length, data, signature) ( \
      algorithm##_update(ctx, length, data), \
      rsa_##algorithm##_verify(key, ctx, signature) \
    )
    
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    /* Keys in sexp form. */
    
    struct nettle_buffer;
    
    /* Generates a public-key expression if PRIV is NULL .*/
    int
    rsa_keypair_to_sexp(struct nettle_buffer *buffer,
    
    		    const char *algorithm_name, /* NULL means "rsa" */
    
    		    const struct rsa_public_key *pub,
    		    const struct rsa_private_key *priv);
    
    
    struct sexp_iterator;
    
    int
    rsa_keypair_from_sexp_alist(struct rsa_public_key *pub,
    			    struct rsa_private_key *priv,
    
    			    struct sexp_iterator *i);
    
    
    /* If PRIV is NULL, expect a public-key expression. If PUB is NULL,
     * expect a private key expression and ignore the parts not needed for
     * the public key. */
    /* Keys must be initialized before calling this function, as usual. */
    int
    rsa_keypair_from_sexp(struct rsa_public_key *pub,
    		      struct rsa_private_key *priv,
    
    		      unsigned length, const uint8_t *expr);
    
    
    
    /* OpenPGP format. Experimental interface, subject to change. */
    int
    rsa_keypair_to_openpgp(struct nettle_buffer *buffer,
    		       const struct rsa_public_key *pub,
    		       const struct rsa_private_key *priv,
    		       /* A single user id. NUL-terminated utf8. */
    
    		       const char *userid);
    
    /* Internal functions. */
    int
    _rsa_verify(const struct rsa_public_key *key,
    	    const mpz_t m,
    	    const mpz_t s);
    
    unsigned
    _rsa_check_size(mpz_t n);
    
    
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    #endif /* NETTLE_RSA_H_INCLUDED */